By Kaye Ross
The Gazette
CEDAR RAPIDS — Cedar Rapids historian Mark Stoffer Hunter discussed these historic sites during a Cedar Rapids Area Convention & Visitors Bureau during a recent bus tour of neighborhoods flooded last June:

In 1897, the Burlington, Cedar Rapids and Northern Railway and the Chicago North Western railroad built Union Station, which stretched from Third Avenue to Fifth Avenue SE along the Fourth Street tracks in downtown Cedar Rapids. Photo taken from postcard circa 1915.
Union Station
The 1897 Union Station on the Fourth Street tracks covered two blocks and faced Greene Square Park. Built of brick and Bedford limestone, it had a 102-foot central tower with a 6-foot-diameter clock. The grand interior included two immense fireplaces, marble floors, polished oak paneling and brass rails.
Hunter said it was a victim of what was then called Lindale Plaza. Downtown merchants were worried that the shopping center would take all the business from downtown because the plaza had so much parking, Hunter said. They persuaded city fathers to tear down the station in July 1961 so a parking ramp could be built there. The lesson, Hunter said, is: “Be careful what you tear down.”
First Avenue
First Avenue at First Street became the natural center of town because pioneers had crossed the Cedar River there for years at the site of a large boulder in the center of the river. When the city was platted in 1843, city father George Greene wanted First Avenue to be a wide boulevard like those he had seen in Galena, Ill., and Dubuque, to allow for future growth. Even when there were just a few residents, First Avenue was the width it is today — 120 feet.

Rare color photograph of the Iowa Theatre Building from 1957, complete with the Iowa ear of corn sign. Photo courtesy of Theatre Cedar Rapids.
Downtown theaters
When the Iowa Theater — now Theatre Cedar Rapids – was built in 1928 at 102 Third St. SE, there were 12 downtown movie theaters showing silent films. Most could not afford the switch when talking pictures came in, so all but a half-dozen closed. A man on the bus tour told Hunter he had watched a movie in one of those silent theaters, the Isis on Second Avenue.
Mansion Hill
The rise up from the Fourth Street tracks was known as Mansion Hill because so many early affluent residents built their homes there to be close to downtown. The mansions were later doomed by that same proximity when they were torn down as early as 1910 to accommodate growing businesses.
The 1886 Arthur T. Averill House, 1120 Second Ave. SE, is an example of the homes that lined First Avenue in the late 1800s. It originally had six bedrooms and five fireplaces and a ballroom occupying the entire third floor. “Just imagine 100 more houses like that in this neighborhood,” Hunter said.

The former Peoples Bank, now Wells Fargo, at 101 Third Ave. SW, Cedar Rapids, is shown in this 1911 photo shortly after its completion. Photo by The Gazette.
Old Peoples Bank
The former Peoples Bank, now Wells Fargo at 101 Third Ave. SW, is a little-known gem in Cedar Rapids, Hunter said, that may be threatened by plans to construct a levee around the Cedar River. Famed Chicago architect Louis Sullivan, who was a mentor to Frank Lloyd Wright, designed the 1911 bank. Floodwaters got as high as the interior murals, Hunter said, but most of the ornate bank held up well. Lore holds that it was built to resemble a steamboat.
Czech area
The east side Czech neighborhood, now Little Bohemia, was the original settlement. The current Czech Village on the west side of the river was a Syrian and Italian neighborhood until after 1900. At 925 Second St. SE is the old Czech School building, one of the oldest private school buildings in the country. Built in 1900, it later was purchased by the Pohlena family for a sausage factory. In front of what is now the Chrome Horse Slophouse and Saloon, l202 Third St. SE, is a sidewalk that was financed by advertising from Czech merchants. Some of the ads in the sidewalk are in Czech.

The Mother Mosque of America in northwest Cedar Rapids. Photo by The Gazette.
NW quadrant
The near NW quadrant was settled in the 1890s by Syrian and Lebanese people, many of whom made their livings running neighborhood stores. As late as 1949, there were 212 mom and pop grocery stores in Cedar Rapids, many of them run by Lebanese residents, Hunter said. That is why the Mother Mosque of America, 1335 Ninth St. NW, was built on this side of town in 1934. The mosque is thought to be the oldest mosque in North America. It was flooded last June and restored.
Time Check
In the 1870s, many residents of the Time Check area worked at the Quaker plant or for the Burlington, Cedar Rapids & Northern Railway across the river. To get to work, they used a walkway beside the rail line. The June floods washed that away — there is only a portion of a gate still attached. Residents were paid in time-delayed paychecks, which became known as time checks. Hunter said, “This is what built Cedar Rapids — hard work.”
© Gazette Communications 2009